feeling shame

vĕrēcundus, a, um, adj. [vereor], feeling shame (at any thing good or bad), shamefaced, bashful, shy, coy, modest, diffident, etc.

Lit.:

nimis verecunda es (uxor),

Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 22:

decet verecundum esse adulescentem,

id. As. 5, 1, 6:

homo non nimis verecundus,

Cic. de Or. 2, 88, 361:

misi ad te quattuor admonitores non nimis verecundos,

id. Fam. 9, 8, 1:

innocentes et verecundi,

id. Leg. 1, 19, 50:

populus,

Hor. A. P. 207:

saepe verecundum laudasti,

id. Ep. 1, 7, 37: Bacchus, moderate, id. C. 1, 27, 3 (cf.:

modicus Liber,

id. ib. 1, 18, 7):

orator in transferendis verecundus et parcus,

Cic. Or. 24, 81:

vultus,

Ov. M. 14, 840:

ore loqui,

Mart. 8, 1, 2:

color,

a blush, Hor. Epod. 17, 21:

rubor,

Ov. M. 1, 484:

pudor,

id. Tr. 4, 4, 50:

verecunda debet esse translatio,

Cic. de Or. 3, 41, 165:

oratio,

Quint. 11, 3, 96:

verba,

id. 10, 1, 9:

causa,

id. 4, 5, 19:

vita,

Ov. Tr. 2, 354.—With subj.clause:

transire in diversa subsellia, parum verecundum est,

Quint. 11, 3, 133:

hoc dicere verecundum est,

i. e. I am ashamed, id. 7, 1, 56.— Comp.:

verecundior in postulando,

Cic. Phil. 14, 5, 11:

verecundior in loquendo,

id. Fam. 7, 33, 2:

partes,

i. e. the private parts, Arn. 4, 133:

translatio,

Quint. 9, 2, 41:

confessio,

id. 4, 2, 8.— Sup.:

Pompejus in appetendis honoribus immodicus, in gerendis verecundissimus,

Vell. 2, 33, 3.—

Transf., objectively, worthy of reverence, venerable (late Lat.):

nomen populi Romani,

Amm. 14, 6, 6; cf. id. 21, 16, 11; 30, 8, 4:

praetor,

Capitol. Ver. 8.— Adv. (acc. to I.), shamefacedly, bashfully, shyly, modestly.

Form vĕrēcundē, Cic. Fin. 5, 2, 6; id. Brut. 22, 87; Liv. 26, 49, 16.—

Form vĕrēcundĭter, Pompon. ap. Non. 516, 23.—

Comp.:

verecundius,

Cic. de Or. 1, 37, 171; Quint. 4, 1, 13; 11, 1, 84.

feeling of shame, shame, bashfulness.

pŭdĕo, ŭi, or pŭdĭtum est, ēre ( dep. form pudeatur, Petr. 47, 4), 2, v. a. and n. [root pu-, pav-, to strike; Sanscr. paviram, weapon; cf. pavire (puvire), tripudium, etc.], to make or be ashamed, to feel shame; to be influenced or restrained by shame or by respect for a person or thing.—In the verb. finit. extremely rare:

ita nunc pudeo,

Plaut. Cas. 5, 2, 3:

siquidem te quicquam, quod facis, pudet,

id. Mil. 3, 1, 30; Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 4:

idne pudet te, quia, etc.,

Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 4:

pudet, quod prius non puditum umquam est,

id. Cas. 5, 2, 4.—In plur.:

non te haec pudent?

Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 36:

semper metuet, quem Saeva pudebunt,

Luc. 8, 495.—Chiefly used as a verb. impers., pudet, ŭit, or pudĭtum est, one is or feels ashamed, it causes a feeling of shame, etc; constr. aliquem alicujus rei, or with a subj.-clause:

quos, cum nihil refert, pudet: ubi pudendum est, ibi eos deserit pudor, cum usus est, ut pudeat,

Plaut. Ep. 2, 1, 1 sq.:

fratris me Pudet,

Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 38; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 19:

sunt homines, quos infamiae suae neque pudeat neque taedeat,

Cic. Verr. 1, 12, 35:

pudet me non tui quidem, sed Chrysippi, etc.,

id. Div. 2, 15, 35:

cujus eos non pudere demiror,

id. Phil. 10, 10, 22:

ceteros pudeat, si qui, etc.... me autem quid pudeat?

id. Arch. 6, 12; Ov. M. 7, 617:

cicatricum et sceleris pudet,

Hor. C. 1, 35, 33:

nam pudet tanti mali,

id. Epod. 11, 7; Plaut. Bacch. 3, 1, 12:

tum puderet vivos, tamquam puditurum esset exstinctos,

Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 108:

deūm me hercle atque hominum pudet,

before gods and men, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 67; Liv. 3, 19, 7.—With subj.-clause:

pudet Dicere hac praesente verbum turpe: at te id nullo modo Facere puduit,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 20:

puderet me dicere non intellegere, si, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 1, 39, 109:

servire aeternos non puduisse deos?

Tib. 2, 3, 30: nec lusisse pudet sed non incidere [p. 1486] ludum, Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 36:

scripta pudet recitare,

id. ib. 1, 19, 42:

nonne esset puditum, legatum dici Maeandrium?

Cic. Fl. 22, 52.—With supine:

pudet dictu,

Tac. Agr. 32.—In the gerund:

non enim pudendo, sed non faciendo id, quod non decet, impudentiae nomen effugere debemus,

Cic. de Or. 1, 26, 120:

inducitur ad pudendum,

id. Brut. 50, 188.—Hence,

pŭdens, entis, P. a., shamefaced, bashful, modest (class.):

muta pudens est,

Lucr. 4, 1164:

pudens et probus filius,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 69, § 161:

cur nescire, pudens prave, quam discere malo?

Hor. A. P. 88:

nihil pudens, nihil pudicum in eo apparet,

Cic. Phil. 3, 11, 28; id. Verr. 2, 1, 1, § 2:

animus,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 68:

pudens et liberalis risus,

Auct. Her. 3, 13, 23.— Comp., Cic. Pis. 17.— Sup.:

homo,

Cic. Caecin. 35, 102:

vir,

id. Fl. 20:

femina,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 37, § 94.— Adv.: pŭdenter, modestly, bashfully, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 190 P.; Cic. Quint. 11, 39; id. Vatin. 2, 6:

sumere,

Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 44; id. A. P. 51.— Comp.:

pudentius accedere,

Cic. de Or. 2, 89, 364; Gell. 12, 11, 5. — Sup.:

pudentissime aliquid petere,

Cic. Att. 16, 15, 5.—

pŭdendus, a, um, P. a., of which one ought to be ashamed, shameful, scandalous, disgraceful, abominable (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

ut jam pudendum sit honestiora decreta esse legionum quam senatus,

Cic. Phil. 5, 2, 4:

vita,

Ov. P. 2, 2, 108:

vulnera,

Verg. A. 11, 55:

causa,

Ov. H. 5, 98:

parentes,

Suet. Vit. 2:

negotiationes vel privato pudendas exercere,

id. Vesp. 16:

pudenda miserandaque oratio,

id. Tib. 65:

pudenda dictu spectantur,

Quint. 1, 2, 8; cf.:

pudendumque dictu, si, etc.,

id. 6, 4, 7:

luxus,

Tac. A. 3, 53:

hoc quoque animal (sc. blatta) inter pudenda est,

Plin. 29, 6, 39, § 140:

proh cuncta pudendi!

wholly shameful! Sil. 11, 90:

membra,

the parts of shame, the privy parts, Ser. Samm. 36, 681.—

Subst.: pŭdenda, ōrum, n. (sc. membra).

The private parts (post-class.), Aus. Per. Odyss. 6; id. Idyll. 6, 85; Aug. Civ. Dei, 14, 17; Sen. ad Marc. 22, 1; Vulg. Nah. 3, 5.—

The breech, fundament, Min. Fel. Oct. 28 med.

pŭdĕo, ŭi, or pŭdĭtum est, ēre ( dep. form pudeatur, Petr. 47, 4), 2, v. a. and n. [root pu-, pav-, to strike; Sanscr. paviram, weapon; cf. pavire (puvire), tripudium, etc.], to make or be ashamed, to feel shame; to be influenced or restrained by shame or by respect for a person or thing.—In the verb. finit. extremely rare:

ita nunc pudeo,

Plaut. Cas. 5, 2, 3:

siquidem te quicquam, quod facis, pudet,

id. Mil. 3, 1, 30; Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 4:

idne pudet te, quia, etc.,

Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 4:

pudet, quod prius non puditum umquam est,

id. Cas. 5, 2, 4.—In plur.:

non te haec pudent?

Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 36:

semper metuet, quem Saeva pudebunt,

Luc. 8, 495.—Chiefly used as a verb. impers., pudet, ŭit, or pudĭtum est, one is or feels ashamed, it causes a feeling of shame, etc; constr. aliquem alicujus rei, or with a subj.-clause:

quos, cum nihil refert, pudet: ubi pudendum est, ibi eos deserit pudor, cum usus est, ut pudeat,

Plaut. Ep. 2, 1, 1 sq.:

fratris me Pudet,

Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 38; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 19:

sunt homines, quos infamiae suae neque pudeat neque taedeat,

Cic. Verr. 1, 12, 35:

pudet me non tui quidem, sed Chrysippi, etc.,

id. Div. 2, 15, 35:

cujus eos non pudere demiror,

id. Phil. 10, 10, 22:

ceteros pudeat, si qui, etc.... me autem quid pudeat?

id. Arch. 6, 12; Ov. M. 7, 617:

cicatricum et sceleris pudet,

Hor. C. 1, 35, 33:

nam pudet tanti mali,

id. Epod. 11, 7; Plaut. Bacch. 3, 1, 12:

tum puderet vivos, tamquam puditurum esset exstinctos,

Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 108:

deūm me hercle atque hominum pudet,

before gods and men, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 67; Liv. 3, 19, 7.—With subj.-clause:

pudet Dicere hac praesente verbum turpe: at te id nullo modo Facere puduit,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 20:

puderet me dicere non intellegere, si, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 1, 39, 109:

servire aeternos non puduisse deos?

Tib. 2, 3, 30: nec lusisse pudet sed non incidere [p. 1486] ludum, Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 36:

scripta pudet recitare,

id. ib. 1, 19, 42:

nonne esset puditum, legatum dici Maeandrium?

Cic. Fl. 22, 52.—With supine:

pudet dictu,

Tac. Agr. 32.—In the gerund:

non enim pudendo, sed non faciendo id, quod non decet, impudentiae nomen effugere debemus,

Cic. de Or. 1, 26, 120:

inducitur ad pudendum,

id. Brut. 50, 188.—Hence,

pŭdens, entis, P. a., shamefaced, bashful, modest (class.):

muta pudens est,

Lucr. 4, 1164:

pudens et probus filius,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 69, § 161:

cur nescire, pudens prave, quam discere malo?

Hor. A. P. 88:

nihil pudens, nihil pudicum in eo apparet,

Cic. Phil. 3, 11, 28; id. Verr. 2, 1, 1, § 2:

animus,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 68:

pudens et liberalis risus,

Auct. Her. 3, 13, 23.— Comp., Cic. Pis. 17.— Sup.:

homo,

Cic. Caecin. 35, 102:

vir,

id. Fl. 20:

femina,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 37, § 94.— Adv.: pŭdenter, modestly, bashfully, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 190 P.; Cic. Quint. 11, 39; id. Vatin. 2, 6:

sumere,

Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 44; id. A. P. 51.— Comp.:

pudentius accedere,

Cic. de Or. 2, 89, 364; Gell. 12, 11, 5. — Sup.:

pudentissime aliquid petere,

Cic. Att. 16, 15, 5.—

pŭdendus, a, um, P. a., of which one ought to be ashamed, shameful, scandalous, disgraceful, abominable (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

ut jam pudendum sit honestiora decreta esse legionum quam senatus,

Cic. Phil. 5, 2, 4:

vita,

Ov. P. 2, 2, 108:

vulnera,

Verg. A. 11, 55:

causa,

Ov. H. 5, 98:

parentes,

Suet. Vit. 2:

negotiationes vel privato pudendas exercere,

id. Vesp. 16:

pudenda miserandaque oratio,

id. Tib. 65:

pudenda dictu spectantur,

Quint. 1, 2, 8; cf.:

pudendumque dictu, si, etc.,

id. 6, 4, 7:

luxus,

Tac. A. 3, 53:

hoc quoque animal (sc. blatta) inter pudenda est,

Plin. 29, 6, 39, § 140:

proh cuncta pudendi!

wholly shameful! Sil. 11, 90:

membra,

the parts of shame, the privy parts, Ser. Samm. 36, 681.—

Subst.: pŭdenda, ōrum, n. (sc. membra).

The private parts (post-class.), Aus. Per. Odyss. 6; id. Idyll. 6, 85; Aug. Civ. Dei, 14, 17; Sen. ad Marc. 22, 1; Vulg. Nah. 3, 5.—

The breech, fundament, Min. Fel. Oct. 28 med.

vĕrēcundĭa, ae, f. [verecundus], the natural feeling of shame, by whatever cause produced, shamefacedness, bashfulness, shyness, coyness, modesty, etc.

In gen. (class.; syn.: pudicitia, castitas, pudor).

Absol.:

nec vero tam metu poenāque terrentur, quae est constituta legibus, quam verecundiā, quam natura homini dedit quasi quendam vituperationis non injustae timorem,

Cic. Rep. 5, 4, 6:

homo solum animal natum pudoris ac verecundiae particeps,

id. Fin. 4, 7, 18:

scenicorum mos tantam habet veteri disciplina verecundiam, ut in scaenam sine subligaculo prodeat nemo,

id. Off. 1, 35, 129; id. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

magnam habet vim disciplina verecundiae,

id. ib. 4, 6, 6: justitiae partes sunt non violare homines;

verecundiae non offendere,

id. Off. 1, 28, 99; cf. id. Lael. 22, 82:

Caesar meam in rogando verecundiam objurgavit,

id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3, § 10:

tironis,

id. Att. 8, 6, 3:

homo timidus, virginali verecundiā,

id. Quint. 11, 39; so,

virginalis, Suet. Vit. Pers.: fuit sponsa tua apud me eādem, quā apud parentis suos, verecundiā,

Liv. 26, 50, 6:

verecundia nostra adversus regem nobis obstat,

id. 37, 54, 7:

nova nupta verecundiā notabilis,

Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 78:

verecundia oris,

bashful redness, blushing, Suet. Dom. 18.—

With gen. obj.

With gen. rei:

turpitudinis verecundia,

dread of wrong-doing, Cic. Tusc. 5, 26, 74:

negandi,

id. Or. 71, 238;

Quint. prooem. § 3: respondendi,

id. 3, 5, 15:

hujus sermonis,

Liv. 26, 50, 4.—

With gen. personae (not freq. till after the Aug. period):

quando nec ordinis hujus ulla, nec reipublicae est verecundia,

respect for, reverence, Liv. 4, 45, 8:

parentis, vitrici, deorum,

id. 39, 11, 2:

ne auctorem ponam, verecundia ipsius facit,

Quint. 6, 3, 64:

majestatis magistratuum,

Liv. 2, 36, 3:

aetatis,

id. 1, 6, 4; cf. id. 1, 3, 10:

legum,

id. 10, 13, 8.— Transf.:

quidam ita sunt receptae auctoritatis ac notae verecundiae, ut, etc.,

i. e. of known venerableness, Quint. 6, 3, 33.—

In partic., with an implication of censure.

Over-shyness, bashfulness, sheepishness, timidity (post-Aug.):

verecundia vitium quidem sed amabile et quae virtutes facillime generet... quae (verecundia) est timor quidam reducens animum ab iis, quae facienda sunt... Optima est autem emendatio verecundiae fiducia,

Quint. 12, 5, 2 sq.:

patronus timet cognoscentis verecundiam,

id. 4, 1, 19:

(vox) in metu et verecundiā contracta,

id. 11, 3, 64.—

A shame, disgrace:

verecundiae erat equitem suo alienoque Marte pugnare,

Liv. 3, 62, 9:

verecundia Romanos tandem cepit, Saguntum sub hostium potestate esse, etc.,

a sense of shame, id. 24, 42, 9.